VAT Calculator
Add or remove VAT with country presets, instantly. Switch between net, gross and tax in real time.
Compare common rates
Same input, different VAT rates side by side.
Multi-item invoice
Add multiple items with their own rates. Useful for receipts mixing standard and reduced VAT lines.
| Description | Qty | Unit (net) | VAT % | Net | VAT | Gross | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Totals | - | - | - | ||||
About VAT
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax applied at each stage of the supply chain. The seller adds it on top of the net price; the buyer pays the gross amount. This calculator is informational and does not constitute tax advice.
- Add VAT: gross = net × (1 + rate)
- Remove VAT: net = gross / (1 + rate)
- VAT amount: tax = gross - net
How to use
- Pick a country preset or enter a custom VAT rate.
- Choose whether your amount is net (before VAT) or gross (including VAT).
- Enter the amount and see the VAT and the other total computed instantly.
- Switch between Add VAT and Remove VAT modes as needed.
- Copy the breakdown for invoices or receipts.
Frequently asked questions
How do I remove VAT from a gross price?
Divide the gross price by 1 + (rate / 100). The calculator does this automatically: enter the gross amount, pick the rate, and the net and VAT components are shown.
Which countries are pre-loaded?
All EU member states plus the UK, Switzerland, Norway, and major non-EU markets like Australia (GST) and Canada (GST/HST). Custom rates are also supported for any other jurisdiction.
Does VAT apply to my international sale?
Rules depend on where the supplier and customer are, what is being sold, and whether either party is VAT-registered. The calculator handles the math; consult an accountant for VAT registration thresholds and reverse-charge rules.
What is the difference between VAT and sales tax?
VAT is collected at each stage of production with credits at each step; sales tax is charged only on the final retail sale. The end consumer typically pays a similar amount under either system.
Adding VAT vs extracting it: the asymmetry that causes errors
Adding VAT is intuitive: net x (1 + rate), so 100 EUR net at 24% becomes 124 EUR gross. Extracting VAT from a gross price is where invoices go wrong: the VAT inside 124 EUR is not 24% of 124 (29.76) but 124 x 24/124 = 24 EUR, because the percentage was applied to the smaller net figure. The general formula is VAT = gross x rate/(100 + rate), and net = gross/(1 + rate). Anyone who computes "remove 24%" by multiplying the gross by 0.76 understates the net and overstates the VAT on every line.
Rates are a patchwork, even inside the EU
- Greece applies a standard 24% rate, with reduced rates of 13% (many foods, energy) and 6% (medicines, books) on specific categories.
- EU standard rates range from 17% (Luxembourg) to 27% (Hungary); each country defines its own reduced categories.
- Some islands and special territories apply discounted regimes, and cross-border B2B sales within the EU often shift VAT accounting to the buyer (reverse charge).
Invoice discipline for freelancers
Quote prices to businesses as net plus VAT and to consumers as gross including VAT... mixing the conventions is the most common pricing dispute. On invoices, show net, rate, VAT amount and gross separately; tax authorities expect the breakdown and clients reclaiming input VAT need it. Remember that collected VAT is never income: it is the state's money passing through your account, and the calculator's job is making sure the amount you set aside is exact.
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